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Toby Ross is an American film director who made gay pornographic films in the 1970s and 80s. He was born in Landsberg am Lech, Germany, to a Jewish mother and a Catholic father. At the age of eight, his mother having remarried an Austrian Jew, he moved with his mother and stepfather to Israel. He served two years in the Israeli army. After studies in Los Angeles, attracted by stories of the freedom in San Francisco, he moved there in the 1970s.〔David-Elijah Nahmod, "Long Ago and Far Away. Gay Porn auteur Toby Ross remembers", South Florida Gay News, November 12, 2014, p. 14, http://southfloridagaynews.com/Film/interview-gay-porn-auteur-toby-ross-remembers.html, retrieved 11/24/2014. The online version is titled "Interview: Gay Porn Auteur Toby Ross Remembers".〕 Before Ross made feature films he made loops, which were shot on silent 8mm or 16mm. His earliest feature films were partially composed of some of his loops with added soundtracks. Some of his later films were very successful in underground gay film circles. These films include ''Do Me Evil'', ''Cruisin' 57'', and ''Schoolmates''. His earlier theatrical features were released under Cinema Mirage. In 1980 he started a company called Hornbill Films which he used to release his hard core films onto VHS and in 1995 his regular general audience films some shown in various festivals. In the early '80s he began making movies on video instead of film. He no longer makes hardcore porn movies, only "erotic story movies."〔From the Nahmod interview cited above.〕 On October 8, 2008 Canadian film maker and experimental klezmer/hip hop musician Josh Dolgin showed ''Cruisin' 57'' at the Pop Montreal music festival; the film was accompanied by a live band.〔()〕〔()〕 In the winter of 2010 Josh Dolgin released his Film "Socalled The Movie" in which parts of a documentary he made with Ross profiles Toby Ross as one of his influences.〔()〕 ==Awards and nominations== * 1998 Grabby Awards Hall of Fame. * 2002 GayVN Awards Hall of Fame. * 2008 Grabbys Awards Life Achievement Award.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Toby Ross」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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